LM431ACZ/LFT4

Product Overview

Category: Integrated Circuits (ICs)

Use: Voltage References

Characteristics: - Adjustable Precision Shunt Regulator - Programmable Output Voltage - Low Dynamic Output Impedance - Wide Operating Current Range - Low Temperature Coefficient - Fast Turn-On Response - Low Output Noise

Package: TO-92, SOT-23, SOIC-8

Essence: The LM431ACZ/LFT4 is a precision shunt regulator that can be used to provide a stable reference voltage. It is commonly used in various electronic circuits where a precise voltage reference is required.

Packaging/Quantity: The LM431ACZ/LFT4 is available in different package options such as TO-92, SOT-23, and SOIC-8. The quantity per package may vary depending on the manufacturer.

Specifications

• Reference Voltage Range: 2.5V to 36V
• Operating Current Range: 1mA to 100mA
• Temperature Coefficient: 50ppm/°C
• Output Voltage Tolerance: ±0.4%
• Maximum Cathode Current: 150mA
• Operating Temperature Range: -40°C to +85°C

Detailed Pin Configuration

The LM431ACZ/LFT4 has three pins:

1. Anode (A): Connected to the positive supply voltage.
2. Cathode (K): Connected to the load or ground.
3. Reference (R): Provides the stable reference voltage.

Functional Features

• Adjustable Output Voltage: The LM431ACZ/LFT4 allows the user to program the desired output voltage by connecting external resistors.
• Precision Voltage Reference: It provides a highly accurate and stable reference voltage for various applications.
• Low Dynamic Output Impedance: The device maintains a low output impedance, ensuring stability even with varying load conditions.
• Wide Operating Current Range: It can operate within a wide range of current levels, making it suitable for different circuit requirements.
• Fast Turn-On Response: The LM431ACZ/LFT4 has a fast response time, enabling quick regulation of the output voltage.
• Low Output Noise: It generates minimal noise, ensuring clean and reliable voltage reference.

Advantages

• High precision and accuracy in voltage regulation.
• Wide operating temperature range allows for versatile applications.
• Adjustable output voltage provides flexibility in circuit design.
• Low dynamic output impedance ensures stability under varying load conditions.
• Fast turn-on response enables rapid voltage regulation.

Disadvantages

• Limited maximum cathode current may restrict its use in high-power applications.
• Requires external resistors for programming the desired output voltage.

Working Principles

The LM431ACZ/LFT4 operates as a shunt regulator. It compares the reference voltage at the Reference (R) pin with the voltage across the Anode (A) and Cathode (K) pins. By adjusting the resistance connected to the Reference pin, the output voltage can be programmed to the desired level. The internal circuitry of the LM431ACZ/LFT4 ensures that the output voltage remains stable and accurate.

Detailed Application Field Plans

The LM431ACZ/LFT4 finds applications in various fields, including:

1. Voltage Regulation: It is used as a voltage reference in power supplies, battery chargers, and voltage regulators.
2. Precision Instrumentation: It provides a stable reference voltage for precise measurements in instruments such as multimeters and oscilloscopes.
3. Audio Equipment: The LM431ACZ/LFT4 is utilized in audio amplifiers and signal processing circuits to maintain accurate voltage levels.
4. Automotive Electronics: It is employed in automotive systems for voltage monitoring and regulation purposes.
5. Industrial Control Systems: The LM431ACZ/LFT4 is used in control circuits, motor drives, and PLCs to ensure stable and accurate voltage references.

Detailed and Complete Alternative Models

1. TL431: Similar adjustable precision shunt regulator with a wider temperature range.
2. LM4040: Precision voltage reference with fixed output voltage options.
3. LT1009: Precision series voltage reference with low temperature coefficient.

These alternative models offer similar functionality and can be considered as substitutes for the LM431ACZ/LFT4 in various applications.

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